feat(cipher-factory): add AesCbc algorithm variant

Add AES-CBC support to Algorithm enum:
    - Add AesCbc variant with clap name "aes-cbc"
    - Add requires_iv() method to check if algorithm needs IV
    - Add new_cbc_cipher() for creating AesCbc instances
    - Add encrypt_cbc() and decrypt_cbc() helper methods
    - Update parse_text() and Display for AesCbc

cipher-factory/src/algorithm.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use std::fmt::Display;
 
-use aes::{Aes, Block128};
-use cipher_core::{BlockCipher, BlockError, CipherError};
+use aes::{Aes, AesCbc, Block128, Iv};
+use cipher_core::{BlockCipher, BlockError, CipherError, CipherResult};
 use des::{Block64, Des};
 use std::str::FromStr;
 
@@ -10,24 +10,27 @@ use std::str::FromStr;
 pub enum Algorithm {
     Des,
     Aes,
+    #[cfg_attr(feature = "clap", clap(name = "aes-cbc"))]
+    AesCbc,
 }
 
 impl Algorithm {
-    /// Creates a new cipher instance for the specified algorithm.
+    /// Returns whether this algorithm requires an IV (Initialization Vector).
+    #[must_use]
+    pub const fn requires_iv(&self) -> bool {
+        matches!(self, Self::AesCbc)
+    }
+
+    /// Creates a new ECB-mode cipher instance for the specified algorithm.
     ///
     /// Parses the key string and instantiates either DES or AES based on the algorithm choice.
     /// The key format depends on the algorithm:
     /// - DES: 64-bit key (hex string, e.g., "0x1334577999bcdff1")
     /// - AES: 128-bit key (hex string, e.g., "0x2b7e151628aed2a6abf7158809cf4f3c")
     ///
-    /// # Returns
-    ///
-    /// A boxed cipher instance implementing `BlockCipher`, or a `CipherError` if parsing fails.
-    ///
     /// # Errors
     ///
-    /// Returns `CipherError` if the key cannot be parsed (invalid format, wrong length, etc.).
-    ///
+    /// Returns `CipherError` if the key cannot be parsed or if called with a CBC algorithm.
     pub fn new_cipher(&self, key: &str) -> Result<Box<dyn BlockCipher>, CipherError> {
         match self {
             Self::Des => {
@@ -40,9 +43,50 @@ impl Algorithm {
                 let cipher = Aes::from_key(key);
                 Ok(Box::new(cipher))
             }
+            Self::AesCbc => Err(CipherError::InvalidPadding(
+                "AES-CBC requires an IV; use new_cbc_cipher instead".into(),
+            )),
         }
     }
 
+    /// Creates a new AES-CBC cipher instance with the given key and IV.
+    ///
+    /// # Errors
+    ///
+    /// Returns `CipherError` if the key or IV cannot be parsed.
+    pub fn new_cbc_cipher(&self, key: &str, iv: &str) -> Result<AesCbc, CipherError> {
+        match self {
+            Self::AesCbc => {
+                let key = Block128::from_str(key)?;
+                let iv = Iv::from_str(iv)?;
+                Ok(AesCbc::new(key, iv))
+            }
+            _ => Err(CipherError::InvalidPadding(format!(
+                "{self} does not support CBC mode"
+            ))),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Encrypts data using CBC mode with PKCS#7 padding.
+    ///
+    /// # Errors
+    ///
+    /// Returns `CipherError` if encryption fails.
+    pub fn encrypt_cbc(&self, key: &str, iv: &str, plaintext: &[u8]) -> CipherResult<Vec<u8>> {
+        let cipher = self.new_cbc_cipher(key, iv)?;
+        cipher.encrypt(plaintext)
+    }
+
+    /// Decrypts data using CBC mode and removes PKCS#7 padding.
+    ///
+    /// # Errors
+    ///
+    /// Returns `CipherError` if decryption fails or padding is invalid.
+    pub fn decrypt_cbc(&self, key: &str, iv: &str, ciphertext: &[u8]) -> CipherResult<Vec<u8>> {
+        let cipher = self.new_cbc_cipher(key, iv)?;
+        cipher.decrypt(ciphertext)
+    }
+
     /// Parses plaintext or ciphertext according to the specified algorithm's block size.
     ///
     /// Converts a text string into a byte vector using the appropriate block size:
@@ -63,10 +107,13 @@ impl Algorithm {
     /// - The text length doesn't match the block size
     /// - The text contains invalid characters for the given format
     ///
+    /// Parses text for ECB-mode algorithms (single block).
+    ///
+    /// For CBC mode, use raw bytes directly instead of this method.
     pub fn parse_text(&self, text: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>, BlockError> {
         match self {
             Self::Des => Ok(Block64::from_str(text)?.to_be_bytes().to_vec()),
-            Self::Aes => Ok(Block128::from_str(text)?.to_be_bytes().to_vec()),
+            Self::Aes | Self::AesCbc => Ok(Block128::from_str(text)?.to_be_bytes().to_vec()),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -76,6 +123,7 @@ impl Display for Algorithm {
         let s = match self {
             Self::Des => "DES",
             Self::Aes => "AES",
+            Self::AesCbc => "AES-CBC",
         };
         f.write_str(s)
     }