feat: add partial undecidability

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Kristofers Solo 2025-06-13 19:34:38 +03:00
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commit c22c75649b
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@ -277,6 +277,35 @@ This reduction demonstrates that $halt 2$ is computationally no harder than
$halt$, implying that $halt 2$ is at least as undecidable as $halt$. $halt$, implying that $halt 2$ is at least as undecidable as $halt$.
= Daļēja atrisināmība = Daļēja atrisināmība
== Info
A problem is considered partially undecidable if it is not decidable, meaning
there is no algorithm that can correctly determines a "yes" or "no" answer for
every input instance of the problem.
However, it may still be semidecidable, also known as recursively enumerable.
In the context of Turing machines and computability theory, a problem is
partially undecidable if there exists a Turing machine that halts and produces a
"yes" answer for every instance that belongs to the problem, but may either loop
indefinitely or reject instances that do not belong to the problem.
In other words, there is an algorithm that can recognize the instances that
satisfy the problem's criteria but may not halt on instances that do not.
A problem being partially undecidable means that there is no total algorithm
that can always produce a correct "no" answer for instances outside the problem.
It may be possible to construct a Turing machine that halts and produces a "no"
answer for certain instances outside the problem, but this is not guaranteed for
all instances.
#teo(
title: "Raisa teorēma",
)[Ja $F$ nav triviāla (ir $M:F(M)=0$ un $M':F(M')=1$), tad $F$ -- neatrisināma.]
$A$ -- daļēji atrisināma, ja ir Tjūringa mašīna $T$:
- Ja $A(x)=1$, tad $T(x)=1$.
- Ja $A(x)=0$, tad $T(x)=0$ vai $T(x)$ neapstājas.
#teo[$A$ -- daļēji atrisināma tad un tikai tad, ja $A$ -- algoritmiski sanumurējama.]
= Algoritmiskā sanumurējamība = Algoritmiskā sanumurējamība
= TM darbības laiks = TM darbības laiks
= NP (neatrisināmas problēmas) = NP (neatrisināmas problēmas)